card combinations
standard   /  standard 2  /  lack of entries   /  restricted choice 


       standard combos 1

  sandwich
NORTH
Q J 10

          
SOUTH
   A 7 4      
A finesse is winning a trick with a card lower than the one held by your opponent. North plays a card and if East has the King it is sandwiched between North's honor and the ace. If East does not cover, serve another slice of bread by playing another high card from North. The King is trapped.

choiceless
NORTH
7 3


SOUTH
A Q
Declarer has no choice; he must lead from the North hand and try to win with the Queen: play small if East plays small; win with the Ace if East plays the King. Playing the Ace will drop the King if East with 8 cards suit opens sat the 4 level and West has the singleton King. Could happen.

no, no
NORTH
Q 4


SOUTH
A 7 2
Playing the Queen from the North hand will always lose; assuming defenders defend. If East has the king she will cover the Queen. You will win the ace but lose to the Jack and 10. Take the real finesse by playing a small card from South; if West has the King your Queen will be a winner.

maybe
NORTH
Q J 4


SOUTH
A 7 5 2
You always have 2 tricks, but how can you make 3 without a 3/3 split? East will not cover the King when you play the Queen, but will cover when the Jack is played. With the odds on 4/2 split you will only win 2 tricks. Instead play a small card from South; if West has the King you will make 3 tricks.

winner take all
NORTH
J 8 4


SOUTH
A Q 10 2
You always have 2 tricks, but how can you make 3 without a 3/3 split? East will not cover the King when you play the Queen, but will cover when the Jack is played. With the odds on 4/2 split you will only win 2 tricks. Instead play a small card from South; if West has the King you will make 3 tricks.

3 or 4 tricks
NORTH
A Q 6 4


SOUTH
J 7 5 2
You will always make 3 tricks if the suit splits 3/2. To make 3 tricks, play the Ace (in case the King is singleton), then small to the Jack. Only way to make 4 tricks is if West has King doubleton. Lead a small card from South, play the Queen then bang down the Ace and catch the West's King.






       standard combos 2

with 6 - finesse jack
NORTH
A Q 10 4


SOUTH
K3
Odds are when opponents have 7 cards, the suit will split 4/3 with the 4 card hand having the Jack. Cash the King then finesse the 10. Odds favor West having 4 or 3 cards and the Jack rather than East with 3 cards and the Jack. East will always win with 4 to  the Jack whether you finesse or drop.

with 7 - drop jack  
NORTH
A Q 10 2


SOUTH
K 6 3
Odds favor a 2/4 split when opponents have 6 cards in the suit. Though the Jack favors to be in the hand with 4 cards, there is the chance of a 3/3 split and the Jack will drop. So cash Ace and King. If the Jack does not appear the odds favor East with the Jack. So play the Queen from the North hand.

making 5 tricks 
NORTH
K J 3


SOUTH
A 10 8 6 4
8 ever, 9 ever says take the finesse with 8. But which way? In this 2 way finesse the best way to make 5 tricks is to play East for the Queen. Then you are in a position to finesse twice if East has 4 cards in the suit. West with 4 to the Queen will always win a trick even after the King-Jack finesse.

no safety play  
NORTH
7 4


SOUTH
A K J 10 5 2
Do you first play the Ace (or King) in case there is singleton Queen floating around? No! If you did you would not be able to pick up the lady if East started with 4 to the Queen, which requires finessing twice. The chances are that there is 4 to the Queen on your right than a lone queen on your left.


making 3 tricks  
NORTH
Q J 7 4


SOUTH
K 6 2
You make 3 tricks with a 3/3 split. But if with the odds on 2/4 split you were to lead to the King and lost to West's Ace, you might only make 2 tricks. Lead from South toward the Queen-Jack. If you win return to the South h and lead another low card toward the Jack, making 3 tricks if West has Ace doubleton.


losing 1 trick 
NORTH
K 7 6 4


SOUTH
Q 8 5 2
3 tricks with a 2/3 split. Let's say you decide that West has the Ace. Lead a small card from South to the King. If you guessed correctly the King will win. Now lead a small card from the North hand and play small from South. If West started with a doubleton Ace he has to win. You will make 3 tricks







       lacking entries

finesse 2 times 
NORTH
J 6 4


SOUTH
 A Q 10
You are in the entryless North hand for the last time. If East has the King it is quite finessable. But suppose East has 3 or more cards. How to finesse twice? Simple solution to a complex problem: lead the Jack and play the 10 from South. If it wins play the 4 (finesse #2) to the A / Q; making 3 tricks.


finesse 3 times 
NORTH
J 9 4


SOUTH
 A Q 10 2
You win 4 tricks when East has the King. But you are in the North hand (no enties) and might have to finesse 3 times. If you play the Jack and wins the first finesse, the second finesse will give the South the lead. Start with the 9, then the Jack and finally the 4 to the A / Q. Result: 3 finesses make 4 tricks.
 


unblock for position 
NORTH
A K 9 4 3


SOUTH
 Q 10 6
Can you make 5 tricks with an entryless  North hand? East with J x x x will always make a trick. To guard against West with
J x x x, play the 10 under the Ace then the 3 to the Queen. If East shows out take the known finesse to the King / 9. By leading the 6 to the King / 9 the lead is in the North.


can't win finesse 
NORTH
J 10 9 8 7


SOUTH
A K 4
The lead is in the North hand (no entries). By taking the finesse, lead the Jack and let it ride, the suit will block and be untouchable. The only way to make 5 tricks is to violate the 8 ever, 9 never rule and play for the queen to drop. When it does play the 4 to the North hand for the rest of the tricks.
 


hit singleton honor  
NORTH
6 5 2


SOUTH
Q J 8 7 4 3
With an entryless  North there are 3 losers if East or West have the A  K 10 or A  K 9. There will also be 3 losers if one defender has a singelton Ace or King and the Queen or Jack is played first from South. So play low and if a lone honor is hit there will only be one more loser for a total of two.


capture the lady  
NORTH
J 8 5 2


SOUTH
K 10 9 4 3
Desperate situations require desperate actions. With no entry to North, you can't finesse East for the Queen by leading a low card to the King / 10. The only way to lose 1 trick is capture a stiff Queen. So bang down the King. If the Queen doesn't fall, bad bridge karma. But if it does. . . Wow!








       restricted choice


The choices in life are: do something, do nothing or eat. What about going to the movies? Or is that doing something? Bridge players have to make choices.  A good player - one with a beating heart and more than a semi functioning brain - will make the right choice most of the time.

1.
double hook  
NORTH
A J 10


SOUTH
9 8 7
If in example 1 (double hook) on the left South leads the 7 to the 10 and East wins with the Queen, does he also have the King? Normally in this situation there are 3 out of the 4 possibilities that would win 2 tricks: West with the King; West with the Queen; or West with both honors. 75% of the time South will win 2 tricks by playing for the honors (King and Queen) to be split between East and West. But South has a choice and could apply the Principle of Restricted Choice: the opponent who plays one of two missing equivalent cards is less likely to have the other.


2.
had no choice  
NORTH
K 10 9


SOUTH
5 4 3
In example 2 (had no choice) South plays small to the 9 and East wins with the Jack. How does South later play to the King / 10? Finesse the 10 or assume East for stiff Queen / Jack play the King for the drop? Restricted Choice says that East is likely to only have the Jack, therefore on the second lead finesse the 10.


3.
false card  
NORTH
Q 4


SOUTH
A K 9 6 5
In example 3 (false card) play small to the Queen and back to the 9. But suppose West plays the Jack when you play small to the Queen. Restricted Choice principle says East has the 10 so play small to the 9 on the way back to the South hand. Before you do consider how well you know fish. Is West a shark? Will he false card with
J 10 2 by dropping the Jack when the suit is lead?



4.
watch east  
NORTH
A Q 9 8


SOUTH
K 6 5
In example 4 (watch east) play the Ace then the King. If East does not drop the Jack or the 10, then play the Queen for the 3 - 3 split. But if East does drop one of the honors then institute the Restricted Choice principle and  finesse West (play small to the King / 9) for the other honor. If it loses then pay off to East's briliant false card.